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Potamogeton strictifolius — straight-leaved pondweed

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Facts

Straight-leaved pondweed is an uncommon pondweed most often found in alkaline water of lakes and rivers. Its range includes Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, and Vermont, and it is protected in all those states.

Habitat

Lacustrine (in lakes or ponds), riverine (in rivers or streams)

New England distribution

Adapted from BONAP data

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North America distribution

Adapted from BONAP data

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Characteristics

Habitat
aquatic
New England state
  • Connecticut
  • Maine
  • Massachusetts
  • Vermont
Leaf position
the leaves are all submerged underwater
Leaf arrangement
  • alternate: there is one leaf per node along the stem
  • whorled: there are three or more leaves per node along the stem
Leaf blade length
12–63 mm
Petal or sepal number
there are four petals, sepals, or tepals in the flower
Specific leaf type
the leaf is not divided, rather the blade is made up of one segment
Floating leaf shape
NA
Underwater leaf blade width
0.6–2 mm
Fruit type (general)
  • the fruit is dry but does not split open when ripe
  • the fruit is fleshy
Underwater leaf length
12–63 mm
Show all characteristics

  • Clonal plantlets

    Turion length
    25–48 mm

  • Flowers

    Carpels fused
    the carpel is solitary or (if 2 or more) the carpels are not fused to one another
    Flower lower lip length
    0 mm
    Flower position
    the flowers are above the surface of the water
    Flower symmetry
    there are two or more ways to evenly divide the flower (the flower is radially symmetrical)
    Inflorescence length
    6–13 mm
    Inflorescence type
    the inflorescence is a spike (a long unbranched stem with flowers along it that lack stalks)
    Length of peduncle
    10–45 mm
    Nectar spur
    the flower has no nectar spurs
    Number of carpels
    4
    Ovary position
    the sepals and/or petals are attached below the ovary
    Palate on corolla
    no
    Petal and sepal arrangement
    the flower includes only one cycle of petals or sepals
    Petal appearance
    the petals are green and/or leafy in texture
    Petal fringed edges
    the petals are not fringed
    Petal fusion
    the perianth parts are separate
    Petal hairs on inner/upper surface
    there are no hairs on the inner/upper petal surface
    Petal length
    1.1–1.8 mm
    Petal number
    4
    Petal or sepal number
    there are four petals, sepals, or tepals in the flower
    Pistil number
    4
    Sepal appearance
    NA
    Sepal length
    0 mm
    Sepal number
    0
    Sepals fused only to sepals
    NA
    Spur length
    0 mm
    Stamen number
    4
    Stamen position relative to petals
    NA
    Stamens fused to petals
    the stamens are fused near the bases of the petals or tepals
    Style number
    4

  • Fruits or seeds

    Fruit beak length
    0.5–0.8 mm
    Fruit length
    1.9–2.1 mm
    Fruit type (general)
    • the fruit is dry but does not split open when ripe
    • the fruit is fleshy
    Fruit type (specific)
    • the fruit is a drupe (fleshy, with a firm inner ovary wall that encloses a single seed)
    • the fruit is an achene (dry, usually 1-seeded, does not separate or split open at maturity)
    Fruit width
    1.3–1.8 mm

  • Glands or sap

    Oil glands on nodes
    at least some of the nodes have pairs of oil glands
    Sap
    the sap is clear and watery

  • Growth form

    Lifespan
    the plant lives more than two years
    Root septa
    the roots do not have transverse septa
    Roots floating in water
    there are no clusters of roots floating in the water
    Turions
    the plant has turions
    Underground organs
    there are only slender roots on the plant

  • Leaves

    Bract position (Sparganium)
    NA
    Bract relative length
    At least 3854 mm
    Bracts
    neither the flowers nor their pedicels have bracts
    Floating leaf basal lobes
    NA
    Floating leaf blade width
    0 mm
    Floating leaf length
    0 mm
    Floating leaf shape
    NA
    Floating leaf tip
    NA
    Floral bract form
    NA
    Floral bract length
    0 mm
    Leaf arrangement
    • alternate: there is one leaf per node along the stem
    • whorled: there are three or more leaves per node along the stem
    Leaf blade length
    12–63 mm
    Leaf blade veins
    the lateral veins are parallel or slightly arched in the direction of the tip
    Leaf blade width
    0.6–2 mm
    Leaf position
    the leaves are all submerged underwater
    Leaf special features
    none of the mentioned special features are present
    Leaf-like branch segments
    0
    Leaf-like branch shape
    NA
    Specific leaf type
    the leaf is not divided, rather the blade is made up of one segment
    Staminate bract edge (Myriophyllum)
    NA
    Stipule appearance
    the stipules are firm or fibrous, and colored white, green or brown
    Stipule fused to leaf
    the stipules are not attached to the leaf blade at all
    Stipules
    the plant has stipules
    Stipules fused around stem
    the stipules do not forma closed tube around the stem
    Trap-bladder length
    0 mm
    Underwater leaf air passage number
    At least 1439
    Underwater leaf air passage relative width
    At least 4336
    Underwater leaf air passage row number
    0
    Underwater leaf blade edges
    the underwater leaf has smooth edges, without teeth
    Underwater leaf blade shape
    the underwater leaf blade is linear (very narrow with more or less parallel sides)
    Underwater leaf blade veins
    3–7
    Underwater leaf blade width
    0.6–2 mm
    Underwater leaf length
    12–63 mm
    Underwater leaf stalk
    no
    Underwater leaf stalk length
    0 mm
    Underwater leaf tip shape
    • the tip of the underwater leaf is acute (sharply pointed)
    • the tip of the underwater leaf is obtuse (bluntly pointed)
    Veins in floating leaf
    0

  • Place

    Habitat
    aquatic
    New England state
    • Connecticut
    • Maine
    • Massachusetts
    • Vermont
    Specific habitat
    • in lakes or ponds
    • in rivers or streams

  • Stem, shoot, branch

    Flowering stem growth form
    the flowering stem is upright

Wetland status

Occurs only in wetlands. (Wetland indicator code: OBL)

In New England

Distribution

Connecticut
present
Maine
present
Massachusetts
present
New Hampshire
absent
Rhode Island
absent
Vermont
present

Conservation status

Exact status definitions can vary from state to state. For details, please check with your state.

Connecticut
extremely rare (S-rank: S1), endangered (code: E)
Maine
extremely rare (S-rank: S1), threatened (code: T)
Massachusetts
extremely rare (S-rank: S1), endangered (code: E)
Vermont
rare to uncommon (S-rank: S2S3)

From Flora Novae Angliae dichotomous key

26.  Potamogeton strictifolius Benn. NC

straight-leaved pondweed. Potamogeton strictifolius Benn. var. rutiloides Fern. • CT, MA, ME, VT. Shallow, still or slow-moving, circumneutral to basic water of lakes and rivers.

26×28. Potamogeton strictifolius × Potamogeton zosteriformis → Potamogeton ×‌haynesii Hellquist & Crow is a rare pondweed hybrid known from VT. It closely resembles P. strictifolius and, like that species, has light-colored, fibrous stipules and usually lacks lacunar bands on leaf blades. The hybrid also has similar winter buds to those of P. strictifolius. The hybrid shows leaf blades with 
7–21 veins and rarely produces fruit. Potamogeton strictifolius has leaf blades with 3–5 (–7) veins and routinely produces fruits.

Native to North America?

Yes

Sometimes confused with

Potamogeton friesii:
leaf blades obtuse to rounded at the apex, sometimes with an apiculus, and winter buds with inner leaves oriented at a right angle to the outer leaves, the outer leaves corrugated at the base (vs. P. strictifolius, with leaf blades obtuse to attenuate at the apex and winter buds flattened, the inner and outer leaves oriented in the same plane, the outer leaves not corrugated at the base).
Potamogeton ogdenii:
leaf blades with mostly 3–9 veins, 1.2–2.9 mm wide, with 0–3 rows of lacunae on each side of the midrib, and stipules usually brown, convolute (vs. P. strictifolius, with leaf blades with mostly 3–5 veins, 0.6–2 mm wide, without lacunae, and stipules usually white, the margins connate).

Synonyms

  • Potamogeton longiligulatus Fern.
  • Potamogeton strictifolius Benn. var. rutiloides Fern.

Family

Potamogetonaceae

Genus

Potamogeton