Juncus dudleyi — Dudley's rush
![Leaves and auricles: Juncus dudleyi. ~ By West Virgina University Press. ~ Copyright © 2024 West Virgina University Press. ~ Carrie Mullen, carrie.mullen[at]mail.wva.edu ~ P.D. Strasbaugh and Earl L. Core, Flora of West Virginia. 1970. West Virginia U. Press, Morgantown, WV](https://newfs.s3.amazonaws.com:443/taxon-images-1000s1000/Juncaceae/juncus-dudleyi-la-florawva1.jpg)
![Flowers and fruits: Juncus dudleyi. ~ By Arthur Haines. ~ Copyright © 2024 Arthur Haines. ~ arthur.d.haines[at]gmail.com](https://newfs.s3.amazonaws.com:443/taxon-images-1000s1000/Juncaceae/juncus-dudleyi-ff-ahaines-c.jpg)
![Stems and sheaths: Juncus dudleyi. ~ By Arthur Haines. ~ Copyright © 2024 Arthur Haines. ~ arthur.d.haines[at]gmail.com](https://newfs.s3.amazonaws.com:443/taxon-images-1000s1000/Juncaceae/juncus-dudleyi-ss-ahaines-a.jpg)
![Inflorescences: Juncus dudleyi. ~ By Arthur Haines. ~ Copyright © 2024 Arthur Haines. ~ arthur.d.haines[at]gmail.com](https://newfs.s3.amazonaws.com:443/taxon-images-1000s1000/Juncaceae/juncus-dudleyi-in-ahaines-b.jpg)
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New England distribution
Adapted from BONAP data
Native: indigenous.
Non-native: introduced (intentionally or unintentionally); has become naturalized.
County documented: documented to exist in the county by evidence (herbarium specimen, photograph). Also covers those considered historical (not seen in 20 years).
State documented: documented to exist in the state, but not documented to a county within the state. Also covers those considered historical (not seen in 20 years).
Note: when native and non-native populations both exist in a county, only native status is shown on the map.
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enlargeFacts
The Ojibwa used the stems of this plant for their most detailed mat weaving and for the smallest pieces.
Habitat
Anthropogenic (man-made or disturbed habitats), meadows and fields, shores of rivers or lakes
Characteristics
- Habitat
-
- terrestrial
- wetlands
- New England state
-
- Connecticut
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- New Hampshire
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- Stem shape in cross-section
- the stem is round or oval in cross-section
- Leaf blade width
- 0.5–1 mm
- Leaf blade cross-section
- the leaf blade is flat or rolled in at the edges
- Inflorescence position
- the inflorescence is at the tip of the plant
- Inflorescence branching
- the inflorescence is branched
- Fruit type (general)
- the fruit is a capsule, with at least three seeds in it
- Fruit length
- 2.9–3.6 mm
- Leaf position on plant
- the attachment points of all the leaves are at or near the base of the plant
- Perianth composition
- the perianth is green or brown, with six sepal-like parts, and a leafy texture
- Fruit cross-section
- the fruit is triangular to terete (circular) in cross-section
-
Flowers
- Anther color (dry)
- the anthers range in color from white to tan or yellow to yellow-brown
- Anther length
- 0.6–1 mm
- Floral bristle color
- NA
- Floral bristle number
- NA
- Floral bristle relative length
- NA
- Floral bristles
- NA
- Floral scale hairs
- NA
- Floral scale length
- 0 mm
- Floral scale nerves
- NA
- Flower number per cluster
-
- 1
- 2-5
- 5-20
- more than 20
- Inflorescence bract angle
- the bracts are vertical or angled only slightly outwards
- Inflorescence bract number
- there are two to five bracts per inflorescence
- Inflorescence bract position (Sparganium)
- NA
- Inflorescence bracts
- there are at least two bracts, and they are either flat or folded or rolled in at the edges
- Inflorescence branching
- the inflorescence is branched
- Inflorescence crowding
-
- the inflorescence is at least somewhat spread out, with at least one branch coming from the main stem
- the inflorescence is crowded together in one tight cluster
- Inflorescence position
- the inflorescence is at the tip of the plant
- Inflorescence shape
- the aggregations within the inflorescence are roughly circular (not flattened) in cross-section
- Inflorescence type
- there are two or more flowers, spikes or flower clusters on a branched inflorescence
- Perianth composition
- the perianth is green or brown, with six sepal-like parts, and a leafy texture
- Stamen length
- 1.4–2.2 mm
- Stamen number
- 4-6
- Stigma number
- 3
- floral bristle barbs
- NA
-
Fruits or seeds
- Achene beak length
- 0 mm
- Achene surface texture
- NA
- Achene tubercle relative width
- NA
- Achene tubercle width
- 0 mm
- Capsule relative length
- the capsule is longer thant he perianth
- Fruit cross-section
- the fruit is triangular to terete (circular) in cross-section
- Fruit length
- 2.9–3.6 mm
- Fruit type (general)
- the fruit is a capsule, with at least three seeds in it
- Fruit type (specific)
- the fruit is a capsule (splits along two or more seams, apical teeth or pores when dry, to release two or more seeds)
- Locules in capsule
- the three internal walls do not meet in the center
- Seed length
- 0.4–0.67 mm
- Seed tail relative length
- 0.4–0.7 mm
- Seed tails
- there is no tail on the seeds
- Tubercle height
- 0 mm
-
Growth form
- Lifespan
- the plant lives more than two years
- Underground organs
- the plant has a rhizome (a horizontal underground stem with roots growing from it)
-
Leaves
- Auricle length
- 0.2–0.4 mm
- Auricle texture
- the auricles are firm (though flexible) and opaque
- Auricles
- the leaf sheath has auricles on it
- Leaf blade cross-section
- the leaf blade is flat or rolled in at the edges
- Leaf blade length
- 50–300 mm
- Leaf blade width
- 0.5–1 mm
- Leaf form
- all the leaves hold their form out of water
- Leaf position on plant
- the attachment points of all the leaves are at or near the base of the plant
- Leaf septa
- the leaf blades do not have transverse septa
- Leaf sheath hairs
- the leaf sheathes are without hairs
- Pedicel length (Typha)
- 0 mm
- Stem leaf blade ligules
- there are no ligules at the leaf blade bases
- Stem leaf blades
- there are fully-developed leaves with leaf blades on the main stem
-
Place
- Habitat
-
- terrestrial
- wetlands
- New England state
-
- Connecticut
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- New Hampshire
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- Specific habitat
-
- man-made or disturbed habitats
- meadows or fields
- shores of rivers or lakes
-
Stem, shoot, branch
- Plant height
- 20–100 cm
- Stem shape in cross-section
- the stem is round or oval in cross-section
- Stem texture near tip
- the stem feels smooth near the tip
Wetland status
Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally in non-wetlands. (Wetland indicator code: FACW)
New England distribution and conservation status
Distribution
- Connecticut
- present
- Maine
- present
- Massachusetts
- present
- New Hampshire
- present
- Rhode Island
- present
- Vermont
- present
Conservation status
Exact status definitions can vary from state to state. For details, please check with your state.
- Maine
- uncommon (S-rank: S3), special concern (code: SC)
- Massachusetts
- fairly widespread (S-rank: S4)
Native to North America?
Yes
Sometimes confused with
- Juncus dichotomus:
- leaves caniculate to nearly terete, rarely flat, and inflorescence varying from compact to open and diffuse, usually with 10–35 or more flowers (vs. J. dudleyi, with leaves flat, though often involute in age or drying, inflorescence usually compact and few-flowered, often with 10 or fewer flowers, rarely more than 15).
- Juncus tenuis:
- auricles scarious, mostly 1.5–5 mm long, and sheath margin pliable, transparent (vs. J. dichotomus, with auricles cartilaginous, 0.2–0.4 mm long, and sheath margin of firmer texture, often brittle, nearly opaque).
Synonyms
- Juncus tenuis Willd. var. dudleyi (Wieg.) F.J. Herm.
Family
Genus
From the dichotomous key of Flora Novae Angliae
18. Juncus dudleyi Wieg. N
Dudley’s rush. Juncus tenuis Willd. var. dudleyi (Wieg.) F.J. Herm. • CT, MA, ME, NH, RI, VT. River shores, meadows, borrow pits, usually in regions of high-pH bedrock or till.