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• Carex barrattii

Carex barrattii — Barratt's sedge

Facts

Within New England, Barratt's sedge is found only in two populations in Connecticut, where it is at the northern limit of its range and listed as an endangered species. It is found on sandy, acidic wetland. Similar species include mud sedge (Carex limosa), which differs from Barratt's sedge in having wide carpellate scales that conceal the perigynia, whereas Barratt's sedge has narrower scales not quite covering the perigynia.

Habitat

Marshes, meadows and fields, swamps

Characteristics

• Flowers

  Anther length

  2.6–2.9 mm

  Bumps on fruit

  the perigynium surface has papillae on it

  Length of scale

  the scale is shorter than the perigynium

  Lowest spike length

  10–50 mm

  Lowest spike width

  3.5–6 mm

  Perigynium beak

  the perigynium has a beak

  Perigynium beak length

  0.1–0.5 mm

  Perigynium beak orientation

  the beak of the perigynium is straight, and in line with the perigynium

  Perigynium beak serrations

  the perigynium beak has no serrations

  Perigynium beak teeth

  the perigynium beak is not divided at the tip into two teeth, or the teeth are very tiny

  Perigynium beak teeth length

  0 mm

  Perigynium color

  tan

  Perigynium cross-section

  • the perigynium is relatively round in cross-section
  • the perigynium is trigonous (triangular) in cross-section

  Perigynium hairs

  the perigynium has no hairs

  Perigynium length

  2.5–3.5 mm

  Perigynium nerve number

  3–14

  Perigynium nerve texture

  the nerves on the perigynium are raised, even after drying the perigynium

  Perigynium nerves lower side

  3–7

  Perigynium nerves upper side

  0–7

  Perigynium orientation

  the perigynia are oriented vertically or pressed against the axis or adjacent perigynia

  Perigynium puffy

  the perigynium is inflated (there is space between the perigynium and the achene)

  Perigynium shape

  the perigynium body is ovate (egg-shaped)

  Perigynium width

  1.2–2 mm

  Perigynium winged

  the perigynium has no wings

  Pollen- and seed-producing spikes

  some of the spikes produce perigynia

  Pollen-producing spike length

  20–50 mm

  Pollen-producing spike number

  1–2

  Pollen-producing spike peduncle length

  30–50 mm

  Pollen-producing spike width

  2.5–5 mm

  Scale awn

  The carpellate scale does not have an awn (it may have a short point)

  Scale awn texture

  NA

  Scale color

  • brown
  • purple to black

  Scale length

  2.4–4 mm

  Scale tip

  • the carpellate scale tip is acute (has a sharp point)
  • the carpellate scale tip is obtuse (has a blunt point)

  Spike on stalk

  the lowest spike on the plant has a peduncle

  Spike orientation

  • the spikes are angled outwards, or arched over
  • the spikes are bent downwards or droop downwards

  Spikes per stem

  2-15

  Staminate scale tip

  the staminate scale tip is obtuse (has a blunt point)

  Stigma branching

  the stigmas have three branches

  Top spike

  the uppermost spike contains only staminate flowers

• Fruits or seeds

  Achene dimples

  the achene has no folds or dimples

  Style persistence

  the style falls off the mature achenes

• Growth form

  Rhizomes

  there are no rhizomes, or the rhizomes are very short

• Leaves

  Leaf arrangement

  the leaves are mostly produced higher up on the plant

  Leaf blade cross-section

  The leaf blade is folded lengthwise, with one prominent midvien

  Leaf blade texture

  the leaf blade is smooth and hairless, or rough and sandpapery

  Leaf bumps

  the upper surface of the leaf blade does not have papillae

  Leaf sheath bumps

  there are no papillae at the top edge of the leaf sheath

  Leaf sheath color

  • the leaf sheath has no pink, red or purple tinting
  • the leaf sheath is tinted pink, red or purple

  Leaf sheath dots

  there are red dots on the translucent tissues of the leaf sheathes

  Leaf sheath folds

  there are no corrugations on the leaf sheath

  Leaf sheath texture

  the leaf sheath feels smooth, and has no hairs

  Lowest bract sheath

  the lowest bract has no sheath (or a very short sheath up to four millimeters in length)

  Lowest leaf blade width

  2–5 mm

  Lowest leaf sheath texture

  the leaf sheath feels smooth (it may have soft hairs)

  stem leaf blade width

  2–5 mm

• Place

  Habitat

  • terrestrial
  • wetlands

  New England state

  Connecticut

  Specific habitat

  • marshes
  • meadows or fields
  • swamps

• Stem, shoot, branch

  Plant height

  20–90 cm

  Relative stem height

  the main stem is taller than the leaves

  Stem cross-section

  the main stem is roughly triangular in cross-section

  Stem spacing

  the stems grow close together in compact clusters or tufts

Wetland status

Occurs only in wetlands. (Wetland indicator code: OBL)

New England distribution and conservation status

From the dichotomous key of Flora Novae Angliae