Botrychium rugulosum — St. Lawrence grapefern
![Plant form: Botrychium rugulosum. ~ By Arthur Haines. ~ Copyright © 2024 Arthur Haines. ~ arthur.d.haines[at]gmail.com](https://newfs.s3.amazonaws.com:443/taxon-images-1000s1000/Ophioglossaceae/botrychium-rugulosum-ha-ahaines-b.jpg)
![Detail of leaf and/or divisions: Botrychium rugulosum. ~ By Arthur Haines. ~ Copyright © 2024 Arthur Haines. ~ arthur.d.haines[at]gmail.com](https://newfs.s3.amazonaws.com:443/taxon-images-1000s1000/Ophioglossaceae/botrychium-rugulosum-ld-ahaines-a.jpg)
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New England distribution
Adapted from BONAP data
Native: indigenous.
Non-native: introduced (intentionally or unintentionally); has become naturalized.
County documented: documented to exist in the county by evidence (herbarium specimen, photograph). Also covers those considered historical (not seen in 20 years).
State documented: documented to exist in the state, but not documented to a county within the state. Also covers those considered historical (not seen in 20 years).
Note: when native and non-native populations both exist in a county, only native status is shown on the map.
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enlargeFacts
St. Lawrence grapefern is mostly distributed in the vicinity of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway. In New England it has been found in Connecticut and Vermont, in open fields and second-growth forests, usually on fine sands deposited by former glacial lakes.
Habitat
Forests, meadows and fields
Characteristics
- Habitat
- terrestrial
- New England state
-
- Connecticut
- Vermont
-
Leaves
- Features of leaves
- there are no special features on the leaves
-
Place
- Habitat
- terrestrial
- New England state
-
- Connecticut
- Vermont
- Specific habitat
-
- forests
- meadows or fields
Wetland status
Not classified
New England distribution and conservation status
Distribution
- Connecticut
- present
- Maine
- absent
- Massachusetts
- absent
- New Hampshire
- absent
- Rhode Island
- absent
- Vermont
- present
Conservation status
Exact status definitions can vary from state to state. For details, please check with your state.
- Connecticut
- unrankable (S-rank: SU)
- Vermont
- extremely rare (S-rank: S1)
Native to North America?
Yes
Sometimes confused with
- Botrychium multifidum:
- ultimate segments of vegetative portion of leaf rounded to obtusely pointed, entire to weakly creunulate, mostly 4-8 mm wide, plane, coriaceous (vs. B. rugulosum, with ultimate segments of vegetative portion of leaf angular, denticulate, mostly 2-5 mm wide, somewhat channeled and concave abaxially, semiherbaceous).
Synonyms
- Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. forma dentatum R. Tryon
- Botrychium ternatum, auct. non (Thunb.) Sw.
- Sceptridium rugulosum (W.H. Wagner) Skoda & Holub
Family
Genus
From the dichotomous key of Flora Novae Angliae
11. Botrychium rugulosum W.H. Wagner NC
St. Lawrence grapefern. Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. forma dentatum R. Tryon; B. ternatum, auct. non (Thunb.) Sw.; Sceptridium rugulosum (W.H. Wagner) Skoda & Holub • CT, VT. Open fields, second-growth forests, usually in regions of fine sands deposited during glacial lake periods. The report from NH by Wagner and Wagner (1993) was based on a poorly pressed Botrychium multifidum. Botrychium rugulosum emerges later at a given site than does B. multifidum.